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Thirteenth Amendment
Proposed on January 31, 1865.  Ratified on December 6, 1865.

Sect. 1. Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime, whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction.

Sect. 2. Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.

Order of State Ratification

 

Louisiana Feb 17, 1865 Minnesota Feb 23, 1865
Wisconsin Feb 24, 1865 Vermont Mar 8, 1865
Tennessee Apr 7, 1865 Arkansas Apr 14, 1865
Connecticut May 4, 1865 New Hampshire Jul 1, 1865
South Carolina Nov 13, 1865 Alabama Dec 2, 1865
North Carolina Dec 4, 1865 Georgia Dec 6, 1865
Oregon Dec 8, 1865 California Dec 19, 1865
Florida Dec 28, 1865 Iowa Jan 15, 1866
New Jersey Jan 23, 1866 Texas Feb 18, 1870
Delaware Feb 12, 1901 Kentucky Mar 18, 1976
Denotes last state required for ratification.

Court Cases

Aric Herndon, etc., et al v. Chapel Hill-Carrboro City Board of Education, et al
Nancy Buchanan o/b/o her minor son v. City of Bolivar
City of Memphis v. Greene, 451 U.S. 100
Brent N. Moss v. The Superior Court of Riverside County
Kevin Watson and Raymond Wayne Thrash v. Odom Graves, Darryl Jarreau, Marilyn Jarreau, and Abe Ross
United States Department of Commerce, et al v. United States House of Representatives
Jones v. Mayer
Robert W. Brooks v. George County, Mississippi, et al
Robertson v. Baldwin

References and Articles

The Thirteenth Amendment
Origin and Purpose
Situations in Which the Amendment Is Inapplicable
The Missing Thirteenth Amendment
The Missing 13th Amendment
The Real Titles of Nobility Amendment FAQ
Man Freed from Jail for Non-payment
Was Slavery Unconstitutional Before the Thirteenth Amendment?: Lysander Spooner's Theory of Interpretation
Peonage
Situations in Which the Amendment Is Inapplicable
Essay: Involuntary Servitude
The Thirteenth Amendment and "No Fault Divorce"
Thirteenth Amendment--Slavery and Involuntary Servitude
A Resolution Submitting the Thirteenth Amendment to the States
Prostitution and Civil Rights
A Historical Review of Affirmative Action and the Interpretation of its Legislative Intent by the Supreme Court